Division of Whole Numbers

Whole numbers are sometimes termed as counting numbers or are more similar to natural numbers. But there is a hairline difference between all these and whole number. Whole number includes a set of natural numbers along with zero. However, natural and counting numbers does not include zero. Therefore whole numbers are 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 ………etc.

There are four basic operations with whole numbers that is addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. This subtopic will deal with division of whole numbers.

As we know multiplication is repeated addition in a similar way division is repeated subtraction.

For example: 60 ÷ 6 = 10

60 divided by 6 means we will subtract 10 times 6 from 60.

i. 60 – 6 = 54

ii. 54 – 6 = 48

iii. 48 – 6 = 42

iv. 42 – 6 = 36

v. 36 – 6 = 30

vi. 30 – 6 =24

vii. 24 -6 = 18

viii. 18 -6 = 12

ix. 12 – 6 = 6

x. 6 -6 = 0

Another more fact about division is that as subtraction is the inverse of addition in a similar way division is the inverse of multiplication.

For example: 120 ÷ 10 = 12

Again, 12 × 10 = 120

Or, 120 ÷ 12 = 10

Therefore from this example it is clear that division is the inverse of multiplication.

In division there are few components that are dividend, divisor, quotient and remainder. There is a relationship between these four components.

Dividend = Divisor × Quotient + Remainder

Example: 25685 ÷ 4

Here 25, 685 is the dividend, 4 is the divisor. 2 is less than 4 hence we have to consider two numbers that is 25. When 4 multiplied with 6 it is 24 so the remainder is 1 and in the next step 6 came down and became 16. Now 4 multiplied by 4 is 16. Then we will have to bring down 5 and 4 is multiplied with 1 to get 4 so the remainder 1.

For checking:

Dividend = Divisor × quotient + remainder

               = 4 × 6421 + 1

               = 25684 +1

               = 25685 (Dividend)

Example: 35985 ÷ 7

Here 35985 is the dividend, 7 is the divisor. First we will consider 3 from the dividend but as 3 is less than 7 therefore we will have to consider 35. Now 7 multiplied by 5 is 35 and there is no remainder. Then 9 is brought down. 7 multiplied by 1 is 7 and remainder is 2. Then with this 2 we will bring down 8 which makes it 28. Now 7 multiplied by 4 is 28. Lastly 5 is brought down but 5 is less that 7 so we have to do 7 multiplied by 0 which is 0 only and hence 5 is the remainder.

For checking:

Dividend = Divisor × quotient + remainder

               = 7 × 5140 + 5

               = 35, 980 +5

               = 35, 985 (Dividend)

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