Disorders of Respiratory System

Tuberculosis - Tuberculosis is very common disease and is caused by a type of bacteria called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This disease causes different trouble in the respiration and infection of several parts of this track specially very common for lungs. Few years ago tuberculosis was up very common and very much happening respiratory disorders among the people but now a days due to discovery of vaccination with BCG means bacillus calmette and guerin, it’s rate has been decreases. This vaccines are given during the early age of the child and now a days it is quite possible for us to abolish tuberculosis from our environment mostly.

Pleurisy - Pleurisy is also known as the disease called pleuritis. Inflammation of pleura or accumulation of fluid fluid causes this disorder and presence of excess fluid in the plural cavity is called hydrothorax. Presence of air in plural space is called Pneumothorax and responsible for producing different respiratory trouble.

Emphysema - Emphysema is the respiratory disorder that observed due to reduction in alveolar spaces due to collapse scene of alveolar walls or obstruction of bronchioles. Due to infection or smoking or other heriditary problem it is observed and it causes shortness of breath.

Asphyxia - Asphyxia is a respiratory disorder where paralysis of respiratory Centre is observed due to excessive carbon dioxide accumulation within this system. This is commonly occurs due to Irreversible combination of carbon monoxide with haemoglobin to form carboxyhemoglobin. As we all know that carbon monoxide has high affinity for hemoglobin than oxygen so whenever carbon monoxide is present in the environment then it competes with the oxygen and bind quickly with the hemoglobin to form this compound. As a result of this situation there is no supply of oxygen to the different cells and tissues of the body as it is occupied by the carbon monoxide and the ultimatum is death. This situation takes place and is very common in closed room with coal burning kerosene lamp or several persons or animals within this.

Pneumonia - Pneumonia is the collection of mucus and fluid in alveoli due to infection by Diplococcus pneumoniae bacteria. Due to the infection of this bacteria gaseous exchange in the human body is impaired and there is deposition of mucus and sputum inside the respiratory tract which causes trouble in breathing.

Hypoxia - Hypoxia is also called anoxia due to absence of oxygen. It is generally observed in the high altitude are the places where there is deficiency of oxygen. Hypoxia is associated with shortage of oxygen supply to the body due to normal shortage of oxygen in the year as on high mountains or anaemia for the hemoglobin is insufficient in number to carry the oxygen in the blood or his to toxicity or poisoning of electron transport chain where there is no release of energy from the food that is taken by the individual.

Hiccough - Hiccup is the inspiratory action that caused by sudden contraction of diaphragm which is accompanied by loud closer of glottis. The cover of the glottis is called epiglottis during this time the epiglottis cover the glottis.

Cough - Cough is a force full involuntary violent expiration for expansion of mucus and particles from the body. It may also observed due to the accumulation of sputum on the respiratory tract and due to the uncomfortable condition of the human being.

Whooping Cough - Whooping cough is called parties which is a respiratory disorder and is caused by Borditella pertussis  or haemophilus. This disorder is associated with the cuff with inspiratory whoop.

Asthma - Asthma is our respiratory disorder which occurs due to narrowing of bronchi and spasms in the bronchial muscles. It causes shortening of breath and different troubles for breathing.

Diptheria - Diphtheria is a disease that caused by bacteria called Colony bacterium deep theory. This bacteria causes upper respiratory tract infection and as a result of this infection it produces pseudomembrane in the throat this is obstruct thebreathing  causing hypoxia and asphyxiation.

Bronchitis - Bronchitis is a disorder of respiratory system which occurs due to inflammation of bronchi and bronchioles. This respiratory disorder is very common in the smokers as the elasticity of the lungs are lost due to the long term smoking by the smokers.

Cyanosis - Cyanosis is a condition that causes bluish coloration of skin and mucous membrane due to presence of reduced hemoglobin in blood. In this case is generally haemoglobin are reduced and they are not able to carry oxygen as oxyhaemoglobin and sometimes it binds with the Cyanide during cyanide poisoning. Does the red colour of the haemoglobin turns to the bluish colour and as a result the skin and the mucous membrane are bluish in colour.

Epistaxis - Epitaxis is a condition which is associated with nose bleeding and is very common due to any scratching of natural membrane. As we all know that nasal membrane is highly vascular and due to scratching of natural membrane it may give rise to Epitaxis. This disorder may also occur due to the hypertension or high blood pressure.

Atelectasis - Atelectasis is an incomplete expansion of a portion or whole of lungs due to congenital primary or secondary condition of the human.

Pharyngitis - Pharyngitis is the inflammation of pharynx and associated with painful abnormal condition.

Laryngitis - Laryngitis is the inflammation of larynx which give rise to different undesirable condition.

Sneezing - Sneezing is an involuntary sudden violent and audible expansion of earth through mouth and nose which happens with a very forceful condition by the body and is a secondary process which help to reject the microorganisms from the body.

Yawning - Yawning is a deep involuntary inspiration with mouth open and often accompanied by active stretching. It is observed due to deficiency of oxygen within the body.

Eleventh Grade

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