Respiratory Volumes and Capacities

Tidal Volume - Tidal volume is the volume of air inspired or expired in relaxed or resting position. Amount of tidal volume is about 500 m and it consists of 150 ml of Dead Space volume and 350 ml of alveolar volume.

Dead Space - Dead space is also called an atomic Dead Space and it is the part of respiratory tract which is not involved in gaseous exchange and its volume is almost 150 ml. It is located from nose to Terminal bronchi.

Total Lung Capacity - Total lung capacity is the maximum amount of air the lungs can hold after forcefully inspiration. Total lung capacity is of 4.5 litres to 6 litres.

Residual Volume - Residual volume is the volume of air that left in lungs and Dead Space after forceful expiration and who's amount is about 1.5 litres. The residual volume is the year left in lunch and is useful in an interrupted gaseous exchange.

Vital Capacity - Vital capacity is the maximum amount of Air which can be breathe out through forceful expiration after a force full inspiration and its amount is almost 3.5 litres to 4.5 litres. Vital capacity is observed hired in applets then compared to non athletes and it is also hired in Mountain dwellers then plain land dwellers and nonsmoker then smokers.

Inspiratory Reserved Volume - Inspiratory reserve volume inspiratory reserve volume is also called complementary here which is the volume of air in excess of tidal volume that can be in health due to forcefully inspiration. Amount of this inspiratory reserve volume is from 2 litres to 2.5 litres.

Expiratory Reserved Volume - Exploratory reserve volume is also called supplementary year which is the volume of air in excess of tidal volume and which can be Excel due to forceful expiration. Amount of excretory reserve volume is 1 litre to 1.5 litre.

Inspiratory Capacity - Inspiratory capacity or it is the total volume of air that can be in health due to forceful inspiration after a normal inspiration and it is equal to inspiratory reserve volume + tidal volume.

Functional residual capacity - Functional residual capacity is the sum total of exploratory Reserve volume and residual volume.

Partial pressure of respiratory gasses in mm-Hg- partial pressure of respiratory gases specially oxygen is 158 mmhg in inspired air 100mg in alveolar air 40 mmhg in the oxygenated blood 95 in oxygenated blood 160m in expired air and 20 into tissue cells. Partial carbon dioxide in inspired air is 3 mmhg alveolar air is 40 mmhg deoxygenated blood 46 mm oxygenated blood 40 mmhg expired air 32 mmhg and tissue cells 52 mmhg. Percentage of oxygen in hell there is 20.84 carbon dioxide in in hell there is. 032 point zero four nitrogen 79 %. Oxygen in alveolar air is 13.1 carbon dioxide is 5.3 and nitrogen is 79%. Exhaled air contains oxygen of 15.7 carbon dioxide 4 and nitrogen 79.7 %.
Importance of Respiratory reserve volume-

• Condition of the Lungs - Condition of the lungs can be determined by the respiratory deserve volume where there will be an increase or decrease in the different parameters of the respiratory volume which may indicate the elasticity of the capacity of holding air or release air of the lungs.

• Condition of the Respiratory Tract - As we all know that air enters through the nostril and heat overcome the common respiratory tract and then enter the lungs through the branches of bronchi and bronchioles where there are attached to different alveolus or air sac.

• Condition of the Muscles Involved in Respiration - There are different muscles that are involved in the breathing for expansion and constriction of the abdomen and the chest cavity found in the ribs and diaphragm. If the elasticity of the breathing muscles are lost then it is quite troublesome for a person to expand their chest and increase the abdominal cavity which may result in reduce of different parameters of respiratory reserve volume.

• Condition of the Heart is respiration and blood circulation are directly connected with each other so expansion and realisation of lungs also associated with the condition of the blood flow to the heart.

• Determination of Respiratory Disorders - Different respiratory diseases can be identified by this parameter.

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